中国工业部门劳动收入份额的变动研究:1997～2008年

Variations in the Labor Income Share in China’s Industry during 1997-2008

文章利用1997～2008年中国工业部门的行业面板数据,分析了劳动收入份额的变动趋势,以及导致劳动收入份额变动的主要因素。研究发现,1997～2008年工业部门劳动收入份额的变动主要是由行业本身劳动收入份额下降所致,行业结构变动的效应很小。人均资本量的增加、资本产出比的降低和国有企业改革深化是导致工业部门劳动收入份额下降的主要原因,而产品市场竞争程度的提高和出口贸易的增长则有助于提升劳动收入份额。文章的研究结果表明,消除地方保护主义,建立全国性的统一市场,以及鼓励出口贸易将抑制工业部门劳动收入份额的快速下降。

This paper studies the labor income share’s determination and variations of China’s industrial sectors, based on panel dada from 1997 to 2008. The results reveal that the labor income share’s decrease from 1997 to 2008 was mainly because of the changes in labor income share in the individual industries, but not because of the changes in the sectoral structure. The increasing capital per capita, decreasing capital-output ratio, and deepening of state-owned enterprises’reform are the main reasons for the decreasing labor income share, while boosting product market competition and increasing export can promote labor income share. It is shown that eliminating regional protections, establishing nationwide markets, and encouraging export are positive to increasing labor income share in the industrial sectors.