土壤溶解性有机质的研究进展

Advances in Research on Dissolved Organic Matter in Soils

溶解性有机质(DOM)是土壤的重要组成部分,虽然含量占土壤有机质成分的比例不高,却是非常活跃的化学物质,可影响土壤的形成及肥力,通过水循环进入水生生态系统参与水体内的各个过程、经微生物作用进入大气圈对全球气候产生巨大影响,在土壤乃至全球系统中都发挥着极其重要的作用,已渐成为土壤学家、环境学家和生态学家研究的焦点。本文综述了众多学者的研究成果,讨论了土壤DOM的来源、含量、组成和分类,以及影响其含量变化的因素及其环境效应,指出了研究中存在的问题和未来发展趋势。

Dissolved organic matter（DOM）is an important constituent of soils.Although the content accounts for a low proportion of soil organic matter,it＇s a very active chemical substance.DOM can affect soil formation and fertility,each process of the water system in the aquatic ecosystem and the global climate after being decomposed by microbiology,which plays an important role in soil chemical and biological processes,even to global carbon cycle.Now,DOM has been researched broadly by pedologists,environmentalists and ecologists and a lot of scientific achievements have been obtained.In this paper,the origins,contents,components,classifications of DOM in soils and its affecting factors as well as its environmental effects are reviewed on current research findings by many scholars.Meanwhile,some problems of current research and some prospects for the future research on soil DOM are also proposed.