从“权力下乡”到“权力在乡”--滇越边境瑶族村治变迁实证研究

From "Power Delegated to the Countryside" to "Power in the Countryside"——An Empirical Study on Changes of Rural Administration in the Yao Villages in Border Areas between Yunnan and Vietnam

滇越边境瑶族村治变迁交织着国家送"权力下乡"改造瑶族和瑶族融变并使"权力在乡"的双重过程。国家一体化构建力量打破瑶族传统生活逻辑,逐渐将瑶族乡村转型为法治型的草根民主社会。但在该历程中,瑶民自我发展和维权意识的增强和国家权力代理人富民意识的弱化,使瑶区村治主体间的利益纷争成为现实,阻碍着国家社会主义和谐新农村建设的进程。国家政权建设和乡村社会改造应当回到村民这个主体上,让权力真正下放并让位于乡民,形成乡民主导村治权和国家实施乡民自治权的行为模式,中国的乡村治理才能步入良性理路,并实现富民固边和固边强国的国家意志。

The changes of rural administration in the Yao villages in border areas between Yunnan and Vietnam are interwoven with those resulting from the central authorities＇ delegating power to the countryside and changes of their power in the countryside. National integration breaks down the traditional life logic of the Yao ethnic group and gradually transforms the Yao villages into grass-root democratic society ruled by law. However,during this process,the enhancement of the Yao people＇s awareness of developing themselves and safeguarding their own rights and the weakening of the national power representative＇s awareness of enriching people have together resulted in the interest disputes between rural administrative entities in the Yao area,thus impeding the building of new harmonious socialist countryside. The construction of national power and rural social changes should be brought back to the track of relying on villagers. And the power should be substantially delegated to villagers so as to construct the behavioral patterns of villager-oriented rural administration and villager autonomy implemented by the central government. As such,rural administration in China can step into a virtuous cycle and the national will of enriching people,strengthening border defense and making the country more powerful can be realized.