中国北方草原区城市──呼和浩特市域植物区系和植被调研分析初报

A Preliminary Analysis and Study on the Urban Flora and Urban Vegetation in Hohhot the City Located in the Grassland Area of North China

对呼和浩特市域植物区系和植被调查分析确认：该市域内现有自然植物１７２种，隶属３７科、１２３属，其中多年生草本植物占５１．７％，一、二年生草本植物占４４．２％，乔木、灌木和半灌木分别占０．５８％、１．７４％和１．７４％．按水分生态类型分析中生植物属优势地位，占５８．１４％，旱生植物占３７．８％，湿生植物占４．０７％．区系地理成分组合中泛北极等草甸种位居第一，占４７．１％，内亚草原种居第二位占２４．４％，东亚森林草甸种占１４．０％，世界广布种占９．３％．计有４２种为建群植物，构成隶属于多年生旱生草原植被的２个群系、多年生中生草甸植被的１５个群系，构成一、二年生中生草甸植被的２５个群系．分析结果表明：呼和浩特市域自然分布的植物区系和群系的构成具有北方典型草原地带城市化过程的一般特征．

Through the investigation and analysis on the urban flora and urban vegetation in Hohhot of north China,it has found that there are 172 species belonging to 123 genus and 37 families of seed plant in the urban area.51.7% of these species is perennial herb,annual and biennial herb takes 44.2%,tree,shrub and half shrub takes separately 0.58%,1.74% and 1.74%.When analyzing according to the ecological type of the species,mesophyte is in advantage stage and takes 58.14% of the species,xeromorphic plant takes 37.8% and hydrophytes 4.07%.When analyzing from the geographical element of the flora,the meadow element of middle pan Arctic takes the number one and is 47.1%,Inner continent grassland element takes 24.4%,East Asian forest meadow element takes 14.0% and cosmoplitan 9.3%.There are 42 constructive species and they construct two vegetation formations belonging to the perennial xeric grassland vegetation type,15 formations belonging to the perennial mesophytic meadow vegetation type and 25 formations belonging to the annual and biennial mesophytic meadow vegetation type.The analyzing results reflect that the natural urban flora and vegetation in Hohhot have the general characteristics of the urbanization cities located in typical grassland area of north China.