太湖流域富营养化控制机理研究

Research on the Mechanism of Eutrophication Control in Taihu Basin

本研究将太湖流域复杂的生态系统细分为三个具有内在联系的子系统:陆域、河网和湖体,结合室内外实验和数值研究方法,主要有四个方面的研究内容:(1)流域非点源营养物质在水-土界面的迁移及量化研究;(2)太湖流域河网水体污染物累计和迁移规律研究;(3)太湖污染物累计和迁移规律研究;(4)太湖流域污染物负荷承载力与污染控制原理研究。建立了太湖流域非点源污染物质在水—土界面输送通量响应关系,进一步揭示了藻类暴发机制,提出了利用人工湿地和水利工程调控改善水环境的原理。在研究中,还提出了流域控制与区域控制相结合的环境治理新思路,以区域治理为其目标,最终达到全流域的治理目标,取得了明显的效果。

This study divides the complex ecosystem in Taihu basin into 3 internally related subsystems： drainage network, lake and land. The integrated mathematical, laboratory and field approaches were used for the research. Four research themes including （1） transportation and quantification of non-point nutrient materials in water-soil interface, （2） mechanism of pollution accumulation and transportation in the drainage network, （3） dynamics of pollution accumulation and transportation, and （4） beating capacity of pollution burden and principles of pollution control in Taihu basin are explored in this research. The N and P transport in water-soil interface are qualified and quantified, the mechanism of algae outbreak is further understood while the management principles such as the application of artificial wetlands or hydraulic engineering are established. The new thought of the combination of catchment control and district control has been put forward to manage the water environment. Based on the thought, the practice of implementing the district control to achieve the control objectives of the basin has produced significant improvements.