Ru(bpy)_3^(2+)电致化学发光技术的若干进展

Some progresses in the electrogenerated chemiluminescence techniques of Ru(bpy)_3^(2+)

电致化学发光(ECL)是由电化学反应引起的化学发光。因为ECL不需要外加激发光源,背景信号低,线性范围宽,并且不需要昂贵的设备,它已成为一种常用的高灵敏度和高选择性检测方法。联吡啶钌(Ru(bpy)32+)的水溶性好,化学、电化学和光化学性能稳定,且能在水溶液中进行ECL反应,能检测多种物质,如草酸、氨基酸、烷基胺、环状胺、芳香胺、药物、蛋白质和DNA等,而且,Ru(bpy)32+能在ECL反应中循环再生,如将Ru(bpy)32+固定到电极表面,就能制成所谓"无试剂"电致化学发光传感器,节省了这种昂贵的发光试剂。ECL检测器可与流动体系如流动注射分析(FIA)、高效液相色谱(HPLC)、毛细管电泳(CE)和微芯片电泳(MCE)联用检测物质。在流动体系中,固态ECL传感器用作检测器,不需要用泵向电极表面输送发光试剂,简化了实验设备;同时,发光试剂不需要和样品区带混合,避免了样品稀释和样品区带展宽等问题。本课题组研制成多种高灵敏、高稳定性的新型固态ECL传感器,构建了FIA-ECL、CE-ECL和MCE-ECL检测系统。在此基础上,本文综述Ru(bpy)32+电致化学发光技术的若干进展。

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence（ECL） ,which is a chemiluminescence produced directly or indirectly as a result of electrochemical reactions,has proved to be a sensitive and selective detection method with a wide linear range partly due to the electrochemical excitation during ECL reaction and no external excitation light source,which gives an extremely low background signal without expensive instruments. Tris（2,2’-bipyridyl） ruthenium（Ⅱ） Ru（bpy） 3^2＋ and its derivatives-basedECL systems have shown great importance for the analysis of various compounds such as oxalate,amino acids,aliphatic amines,cyclic amines,aromatic amines,pharmaceuticals or proteins due to its ability to undergo ECL in aqueous solutions and its good chemical,electrochemical,and photochemical stability. The ability of ruthenium complexes to produce ECL with a large number of analytes often requires separation steps prior to detection. The ECL of Ru（bpy） 3^2＋ is often used as a detection method in flowing systems such as FIA,HPLC,CE and MCE etc. Since Ru（bpy） 32＋ can be electrochemically regenerated,there is currently a strong interest in immobilizing this species onto the electrode surface to form ECL detectors. There is no need to continually deliver this reagent to the electrode surface,thus simplifying instrumentation,removing the need for an extra-pump,avoiding the problems of both sample dilution and band broadening and largely reducing the consumption of the expensive reagents. We have fabricated several novel solid-state ECL sensors with high sensitivity and good stability. More importantly,several devices such as FIA,CE and MCE in combination with the solid-state ECL detectors have been constructed in our laboratory. Based on our research works,a review related some new progresses in ECL techniques with Ru（bpy） 3^2＋ has been presented.