基于SWAP的旱稻灌溉模式研究

Research on the irrigation system of aerobic rice based on the Soil-Water-Atmosphere-Plant

针对旱稻品种HD297,以土壤-水分-大气-作物系统模拟模型（SWAP）为工具,以2003－2004年在河南柳园口灌区惠北灌溉试验站开展的旱稻不同灌溉制度试验为基础,应用不同灌溉制度下灌水水平、土壤水势、旱稻叶面积指数、干物质量及产量等试验资料,对模型模拟旱稻灌溉制度及作物生长的适应性进行了验证,对模型参数进行了率定和检验。结果表明SWAP适合旱稻不同灌溉制度条件下的作物生长模拟。在此基础上应用SWAP分析了无水层灌溉、淹灌、雨养3种水分管理模式下旱稻干物质总量和水分生产率,以及不同地下水埋深对相关指标的影响。结果表明,3种灌溉模式以雨养模式水分生产率最高,其次为间歇灌溉,淹灌最低;地下水埋深对雨养模式的干物质总量和水分生产率影响最大,对间歇灌溉相关指标影响较小,而对淹灌模式则基本无影响。

Aimed at the aerobic rice variety HD297, different irrigation system tests were carried out in Huibei irrigation station, Henan Liuyuankou irrigation district in 2003 and 2004. The adaptability of simulation of aerobic rice irrigation system and crop growth based on the Soil-Water-Atmosphere-Plant （SWAP） model is validated in terms of irrigation level, soil water potential, leaf area index and yield of dry matter and the parameters used in the model are calibrated. The results show that SWAP model is suitable for aerobic rice growth simulation under different irrigation systems. On this basis, the effect of the total amount of dry matter, water productivity and underground water depth is analyzed under continuous flooding, alternative drying and wetting, and rainfed conditions by using SWAP model. The results also show that among the three water regimes the water productivity under rainfed condition is the highest, and then alternative drying and wetting, that of continuous flooding is the lowest. Underground water depth affects the dry matter and water productivity of rainfed planting most. It effects less on alternative drying and wetting, and no effects on continuous flooding.