辣椒花粉母细胞减数分裂及其雄配子体发育

Pollen Mother Cell Meiosis and Male Gametophyte Development of Hot Pepper

采用染色体压片和爱氏苏木精染色相结合的方法对辣椒花粉母细胞减数分裂及雄配子体的发育过程进行了观察。结果表明:可育株系减数分裂染色体行为正常,胞质分裂属同时型,四分体以正四面体型或十字交叉型为主;雄配子体只进行1次有丝分裂,成熟花粉为2-细胞型。不育株系减数分裂行为异常,四分体时期彻底败育;此外,辣椒减数分裂进程与花蕾外部特征关系密切。

Chromosome preparation and Ehrlich＇s hematoxylin staining technique were adopted to examine the meiosis process of pollen mother cells and the development of the male gametophytes.The results were as follows： The meiosis process was basically normal,and cytoplasm divided simultaneously in fertile plants.Its tetrahedral type and decussate type were two typical forms of tetrads.During the development of the male gametophytes,mitosis took place just one time and the mature pollens were 2-cell ones.The meiosis process was not normal in male sterile plants.Abortion occurred completely at the Metaphase in male sterile plants.The meiosis process of pollen mother cells was closely correlated with the appearance of buds.