施氮量对糯玉米产量及土壤氮动态的影响

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Waxy Corn Yield and Soil Nitrogen Dynamics

研究了不同氮肥用量对糯玉米产量、氮肥利用率、铵态氮和硝态氮累积及其土壤剖面分布的影响。结果表明:适量施氮可提高作物产量,过量施氮未表现出增产效果,氮肥利用率降低,糯玉米的氮肥效应方程:Y=13189+28.50X-0.11X2。施氮量可显著影响土壤中硝态氮的累积和分布,但对铵态氮的影响较小。当施氮(N)量达到270kg/hm2水平时,土壤硝态氮累积量远高于其他施氮水平,增加了土壤硝态氮的残留,同时,因降雨或灌溉的作用而向下层土壤移动,造成硝态氮的淋失,对环境造成潜在威胁。

This paper studied the effect of different nitrogen rates on waxy corn yield,N use efficiency and soil nitrogen dynamics.The results show：the appropriate N application rate increased crop biomass and grain yield while over application of N fertilizer did not increase crop biomass or yield,The N fertilizer effect equation of waxy corn was Y=13 189＋28.50X0.11X2.Nitrogen rates significantly affected the accumulation and distribution of nitrate N in the soil profile but had little effect on ammonium N.The accumulation of nitrate N of the 270 kg/ha was higher than the other N rates which increased the rudiment of nitrate N,at the same time,the rainfall or irrigation would increase the risk of nitrate N leaching to the subsoil and had a potential threaten on the environment.