脑卒中患者早期吞咽功能障碍训练的护理研究

Nursing for the early recovery of wallowing dysfunction in patients with cerebral apoplexy

目的 探讨早期护理干预改善脑卒中患者的吞咽功能的临床效果.方法 对90例急性脑卒中吞咽障碍患者,随机分成两组,对照组进行常规护理,观察组实施以吞咽饮食训练为中心的康复护理训练.分别在患者入院第一餐前和治疗4周后采用才藤氏吞咽障碍7级评价法进行吞咽功能测评.结果 观察组吞咽功能康复程度明显优于对照组（P＜0.01）.结论 进行有针对性、系统性的吞咽功能训练,可以使患者尽早建立良好的吞咽反射,改善患者吞咽功能,减少并发症的发生,提高患者生活质量.

Objective To investigate the early nursing intervention to improve the swallowing function in patients with cerebral apoplexy and to improve quality of life in those patients. Methods Of 90 patients with dysphagia due to cerebral apoplexy were randomly assigned to receive routine care （control group）, or recovery nursing centered swallowing practices （observation group）. The swallowing function was assessed using Toshi Dysphagia 7 Evaluation before the first meal on admission and four weeks after treatment. Results The degree of swallowing function recovery was significantly better in the observation group than in the control group （P〈0.01）. Conclusions A targeted and systematic practice of swallowing can make the patients establish a good swallowing reflex, improve swallowing function in patients, reduce the incidence of complications, and improve quality of life in patients.