亚洲百合小鳞茎膨大发育过程中养分吸收与分配规律

Absorption and Distribution of Nutrient Element in Lilium cv.Asiatic Hybrids During Bulblet Swelling Development

以周径为4～6cm的亚洲百合(Lilium cv.Asiatic hybrids)品种普瑞头(Prato)的小鳞茎为试材,研究了常规栽培条件下,小鳞茎膨大发育过程中的养分吸收规律和分配特点。结果表明,苗期以前,以消耗鳞茎中的养分为主;苗期后,百合对氮、磷、钾的吸收持续进行。生长季中,有两个吸收养分的高峰期,即苗期至现蕾期,历时38d的吸收氮和钾的高峰期,N、P2O5、K2O的吸收比值为1.00∶0.20∶1.77;半枯期至采收期历时37d的吸收氮、磷和钾的高峰期,N、P2O5、K2O吸收比值为1.00∶0.32∶1.20。氮磷钾在各器官的分配方面,现蕾前后以茎叶为主,各养分含量水平在苗期达最高;现蕾24d后养分分配以鳞茎为主。氮磷钾的吸收累积与百合植株的生物量、鳞茎的生物量之间呈极显著相关,百合植株的生物量与鳞茎的生物量之间也呈极显著相关。

Experiment with 4～6 cm-circumference bulblet of Lilium cv.Asiatic hybrids Prato, the rule of nutrient uptake and distribution of the bulblet under the conventional planting conditions was studied.The results indicated that nutrition element stored in bulblet was consumed for new leaves and stem growing before plantlet stage.From plantlet stage to harvest stage, the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element was continuously being absorbed in by lily bulblet.There were two key periods of rapid nutrient absorption throughout the whole growing season, one was the period of about thirty-eight days from the plantlet stage to the visible bud stage, during which the absorption ratio of N, P2O5, and K2O was 1.00∶0.20∶1.77; the other was the period of about thirty-seven days after half-withering stage, during which the absorption ratio of N, P2O5, and K2O was 1.00∶0.32∶1.20.Before the flower bud appearance, the absorbed nutrient elements mainly allocated to leaves and stem.And the concentration of N, P, and K reached their peak in every parts of lily plant at plantlet stage.Twenty-four days later after removing flower bud at visible bud stage,more and more uptake nutrient elements deposited to the swelling bulblet.This research also revealed that the total absorption of N,P and K was positively correlated with the total biomass of lily plant and the biomass of bublet.The total biomass of lily plant was also positively correlated with the biomass of bulblet.