染发废水及其对水环境影响

Impact of hair-dyeing wastewater on water environment

在提出染发废水这一概念的基础上,调查和分析了染发废水的水量与水质,确定了染发废水的基础数据,并以此为依据预测染发废水对水环境的污染程度。结果表明:(1)1次染发所产生的废水量一般为8～18L,染发废水中COD为528.0～2926.1mg/L,氨氮为6.43～36.69mg/L,总磷为0.62～5.48mg/L,色度为32～512倍,pH为5.5～9.0,苯胺类污染物为0.16～2.46mg/L;(2)按性别和年龄层分类估算的染发废水总量较为相近,其均值为324266.28m3,相当于江苏省2005年总用水量的0.0083%;(3)从水量与水质看,染发废水对水环境的污染程度很大,而且染发废水中部分成分属药品和个人护理用品(PPCPs)污染物范畴,有"假持续性"。因此,染发废水及其相关研究存在必要性。

The concept of hair-dyeing wastewater was proposed and the major pollutants in this kind of wastewater were briefly introduced. Base on the basic data acquisition and analysis, the quality and quantity of wastewater produced in single time hair-dyeing were concluded as follow：the volume range of single time hair-dyeing wastewater was 8-18 L; the concentrations of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, color, p H and aniline were separately in the range of 528.0-2 926.1 mg/L,6.43-36.69 mg/L,0.62-5.48 mg/L,32-512, 5.5-9.0 and 0.16-2.46 mg/L. A questionnaire based survey on number of hair dyed person and their dyeing frequency was investigated,and comprehensive feedback was obtained. Combined with the survey results,the total annual dyeing wastewater was estimated as 324 266.28 m^3 ,equivalent to 0. 008 3% of total water consumption of Jiangsu Province in 2005. According to these analysis,the paper predicted the pollution level of hair-dyeing wastewater to water environment and described the necessity of hair-dyeing wastewater research.