SCL-90量表及其常模20年变迁之研究

A Research of Twenty years' Vicissitude:SCL-90 and Its Norm

对20年来被广泛应用的量表SCL-90的常模及其应用问题进行了研究。2006年在全国范围抽取了成人样本1890人,并使用唐秋萍等人的合并常模资料、陈树林等人杭州2808人的数据资料与1986年的常模进行比较分析。20年后,躯体化、强迫、恐怖、精神病性的分数以及总分显著增高,抑郁、敌意、偏执没有显著差异;人际敏感、焦虑显著降低。因素分析发现中国被试在90项症状上的主要因子:低效能因子表现了一种难以应对应激情境时个体内部的失能、混乱、低效能的心理水平以及缺乏必要的社会支持的生态学状态。躯体反应因子表现了中国被试另一特有的心理障碍的表达方式。人际问题因子表明中国被试对心理障碍的感受与人际关系紧密相联。直接用因子粗分2分作为临界值与常模参照的检出率有显著差异。

To study the norm of SCL-90 widely used in the recent twenty years and its application problem, the research compared 1890 adult samples from China in 2006, plus the combinational norm of Tang Qiuping and Chen Shulin＇ s data from a sample of 2808 in Hangzhou and the norm in 1986. The research found that the scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsiveness, phobe, psychoticism and the global score increased significantly. Depression, hostility and paranoid ideation had no significant difference while interpersonal sensitivity and anxiety decreased significantly. It was found that the factor structure of Chinese subjects of SCL-90 had cultural significance in terms of factor analysis： the low efficacy factor indicated the psychological level of one＇s interior loss of efficacy, confusion, low efficacy and the ecological state of lack of essential social support, The somatic reaction factor indicated Chinese subjects＇ special expression style of mental disturbance while the interpersonal factor indicated the close relationship between the feeling of Chinese subjects＇ mental disturbance and interpersonal relationship. In addition, the rate of detection was significantly different between the researches using 2 scores as a critical value and those using the norm.