祁连山北麓四种天然草地蝗虫物种多样性比较研究

A comparative study of grasshopper species (Orthoptera:Acridoidea) diversity in different grasslands in the northern slopes of Qilian Mountains

为了研究不同草地类型间草地蝗虫多样性的时空变化特性,于2008和2009年6-10月在祁连山北麓4种天然草地设置采样点,用网捕法调查草地蝗虫物种丰富度和相对多度。共捕获到蝗虫28种(亚种),隶属于7科15属。结果显示:4种不同草地类型平均蝗虫丰富度变化幅度为7～23种,较低的蝗虫丰富度出现在高山灌丛,2008和2009年其丰富度分别为7和8种;而高山草地蝗虫丰富度值最高,两年分别为16和23种;荒漠草地和高山草甸蝗虫丰富度介于以上两者之间,两年间丰富度值分别为15和15及9和12种。结果提示,水热资源状况、草地植被和地貌地势等特性决定的空间异质性对草地蝗虫群落组成、多样性和空间分布产生重要影响,不同生境间草地蝗虫时空分布呈现明显分化。

To study the major features of the spatio-temporal variation in the diversity of grassland grasshopper in different grassland types in the northern slopes of Qilian Mountains,four grassland types were selected and sweep-net method was used to investigate the richness and relative abundance of grassland grasshoppers from June to October in 2008 and 2009.In total 28 species （or subspecies） belonging to 7 families and 15 genera were collected.Average species richness ranged from 7 to 23 species per grassland type.The species richness was lower in the alpine shrubland,and there were only 7 and 8 species in 2008 and 2009,respectively.The species richness was higher in the alpine grassland in 2008 （16 species） and 2009 （23 species）.Species richness of the desert grassland and the alpine meadow was between the two mentioned above,and there were 15 and 15 species in 2008,and 9 and 12 species in 2009,respectively.The results suggest that spatial heterogeneity determined by moisture,thermal resource,vegetation and geographical factors plays an important role in determining community composition,diversity and special distributions of grassland grasshoppers.