碳水化合物降解为5-羟甲基糠醛的研究

Preparation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural by Dehydration of Carbohydrates

由生物质制备5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)是生物质资源综合利用的研究热点之一。本文综述了近年来碳水化合物降解为5-HMF的研究成果,重点探讨了碳水化合物的降解机理和产物分布、催化剂体系、溶剂体系及产物5-HMF的分离方法等,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。目前,碳水化合物降解最有优势的催化体系是Cr/氯化咪唑基离子液体等,然而产物5-HMF的分离值得关注,尤其是从离子液体催化体系中分离出5-HMF可使离子液体得以重复使用。

In this article,the recent research progress in the dehydration of carbohydrates for preparation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural（5-HMF） is summarized,including dehydration mechanism and product distribution,catalysts and solvents used,the separation of 5-HMF,as well as a brief prospective on this research field.At present,the most effective catalyst is CrCl2 /[EMIM]system,but separation of the 5-HMF product is worthy to be concerned,especially the separation of 5-HMF from ionic liquid medium to make the latter reused.