中国烟火技术的创新与发展

Development and Innovation of Pyrotechnics in China

中国烟火技术的发展由来已久,源远流长,公元前八世纪周朝即有"狼烟"烽火台;中国古人在炼丹的过程中发明了黑火药,从而促使了中国烟火技术广泛发展;现代中国烟火技术军用的电子战烟火光电对抗和民用的烟火人工防雹降雨、烟火灭火、烟火发电等获得了创新性发展;中国的烟花爆竹在安全环保材料技术研究和无烟/微烟的焰火技术、纳米烟火、稀土烟火以及融合现代其它学科技术的特型焰火、婚礼烟花、寿礼烟花、卡通烟花等方面快速发展;固体化学原理及其对烟火系统的应用研究也在促使中国烟火技术的理论研究的新进展。

The development of pyrotechnics in China has a long history.As early as the eighth century BC,in the Zhou Dynasty,＂smoke signal＂ the beacon tower appeared in China already.The process of alchemy led to the invention of black powder,which accelerated the development of Chinese pyrotechnics.Electronic warfare,pyrotechnics electro-optical countermeasures in the military area,and artificial rainfall-enhancement and anti-hail,fire extinguishing with pyrotechnics and electricity generation with pyrotechnics in the civil area and so on,has achieved innovative development.Chinese pyrotechnics have developed rapidly in the study of safe and environment friendly materials,smokeless/minimum smoke fireworks technology,nanometer fireworks,rare-earth fireworks and the special fireworks,fireworks for wedding,fireworks for birthday party,and cartoon fireworks,etc,which combined with the modern technology of other fields.The principle of solid chemistry and its application in the pyrotechnics system have accelerated the new process of theory of Chinese pyrotechnics.