青岛市城市水资源优化配置与工程规模研究

Optimal allocation and project scale of urban water resources in Qingdao

针对青岛市城市水资源总量不足、时空分布不均和同时存在资源型、工程型和污染型缺水的现实,根据青岛市水资源条件、水源地位置和供用水规模、结构及效率,综合考虑节水、污水处理及回用、海水淡化、产业结构调整,水库间互联互通、挖潜和洪水资源化,以及修建一些当地水源工程、南水北调东线工程和非常规水源利用等综合措施,构建了面向多水源、多工程、多用户、多水平年以及基于河道内生态环境需水的水资源优化配置模型,并通过长系列逐月调算和对比分析,给出了不同时空尺度(以年或月为时间尺度,以所辖区、计算单元为空间尺度)的水资源配置方案和配置工程规模,为青岛市构建较完备的安全供水保障体系提供重要依据。

With regard to the reality of insufficient and nonuniform water resources in time and space and water shortage of resources-type,project-type and pollution-type in Qingdao,the water saving,sewage treatment and recycling,seawater desalination,industry structural adjustment,connection and cooperation between reservoirs,floodwater utilization,new or extension projects,Eastern Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion,and unconventional water utilization projects were comprehensively considered according to the conditions of water resources,the water source sites as well as the scale,structure and efficiency of water supply and utilization.An optimal allocation model of water resources with multi-source,multi-project,multi-user and multi-year based on the eco-environmental water demand in river channels was established. Through the calculation and comparative analysis of long-time series data,the allocation schemes and project scales of water resources in Qingdao under different space-time scales（taking years and months as the time scale and districts and cells as the space scale） were proposed.It would provide important foundation for establishing the complete and safe water supply system in Qingdao.