太湖北部湾沉积物中多环芳烃分布及风险评估

Distribution and risk assessment of PAHs in surface sediment in northern part of Taihu Lake

以EPA优控的16种多环芳烃为对象,分析了太湖北部贡湖的大贡山(1号采样点)和小贡山(2号采样点)以及梅梁湖的马山(3号采样点)和拖山(4号采样点)不同季节16种多环芳烃的分布特征及风险,并采用特征化合物及多元统计分析方法分析了多环芳烃的来源.结果表明:春季受周围工业生产影响,多环芳烃质量比较高,质量比在342.1～611.1ng/g之间;夏季受高温及引江济太调水工程影响,梅梁湖多环芳烃质量比下降,而贡湖1号与2号采样点出现全年最大值,质量比分别为558.4ng/g与335.6ng/g;冬季梅梁湖2个采样点多环芳烃质量比变化较小,贡湖则出现全年最小值,质量比分别为248.8ng/g与340.5ng/g.太湖北部湾中多环芳烃尚未对周围环境造成明显的不利影响.油料、木材和煤炭燃烧是多环芳烃的主要来源.

Based on the 16 kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） controlled by the U.S. EPA,the distribution characteristics and risks of PAHs in different sites （Dagongshan-sampling point No. 1 and Xigongshan-sampling point No. 2 in Gonghu Lake,and Mashan-samling point No. 3 and Tuoshan-sampling point No. 4 in Meiliang Lake） in the northern part of Taihu Lake in different seasons were analyzed. The sources of PAHs were studied by use of the characteristic compounds and the multivariate statistical method. The results show that in spring,owing to the impact of the surrounding industrial production,the concentration of PAHs is higher and has an average range of 342.1～611.1 ng/g. In summer,owing to the impact of high temperature and water transfer from Yangtze River to Taihu Lake,the concentration of PAHs in Meiliang Lake has certain decrease,while that in Gonghu Lake （sampling points No. 1 and No. 2） exhibits the peak values： 558.4 ng/g and 335.6 ng/g. In winter,the concentration of PAHs in Meiliang Lake has a little change,while that in Gonghu Lake has the smallest values： 248.8 ng/g and 340.5 ng/g. The PAHs in the northern part of Taihu Lake still have no adverse impact on the surrounding environment. The PAHs mainly come from the burning of fuel,wood and coal.