母乳喂养质量评定量表的编制与应用

Construction and Application of Breastfeeding Evaluation Scale

目的建立母乳喂养质量评定量表,了解产科病区住院产妇的母乳喂养现状,分析母乳喂养存在的问题。方法采用文献回顾、理论研究、专家咨询的方法拟定母乳喂养质量评定量表,并对量表的信、效度进行分析;采用此量表对上海市4所三级医院产科病区的住院母婴进行调查。结果量表的Cronbach'sα系数为0.824 64,客观信度为0.901 5(P=0.000);各题项分与总分之间的相关系数为0.300～0.726(均P<0.01);共提取3个公因子,其累计贡献率为0.759 9。母乳喂养的早吸吮开始时间为(22.59±9.12)h,母乳喂养有效率为40.22%。将产妇分为自然分娩组及剖宫产组,两组母乳喂养的早吸吮开始时间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论住院产妇的母乳喂养有效率低、早吸吮开始时间晚是值得重视的护理问题,应加强母乳喂养指导,规范母乳喂养行为,切实提高母乳喂养的有效率。

Objective To construct a breastfeeding evaluation scale, so as to comprehend the status of breastfeeding in department of gynecology,and to analyze the problems in breastfeeding. Methods Literature review,theoretical study and expert consultation were adopted to develop the content of the breastfeeding evaluation scale. The reliability and validity of the scale were analyzed; Then the breastfeeding scale was used to investigate the mothers and babies in 4 grade-Ⅲ hospitals in Shanghai. Results The Kelangbaha coefficient of the scale was 0. 824 64 and the objective reliability was 0. 901 5（P=0. 000）;The correlation coefficient between all items and total scores were 0. 300±0. 726 （all P〈0.01）. Three common factors were extracted and the cumulative contribution rate was 0. 759 9. The average start-time of sucking was （22.59±9.12）h and the effective rate of breastfeeding was 40.22%. The pregnant women were divided into vaginal delivery group and cesarean section group and the differences in early start time of breast-suck- ing were significant（P〈0. 01）. Conclusion Lower effective percentage of breastfeeding and later start time of breast-sucking deserve special concerns. The nursing staff should enhance the guidance of breast- feeding, standardize breastfeeding behavior, and increase the effective rate of breastfeeding.