采样指导对感染性腹泻患者粪便培养检出率的影响

Effects of Sampling Guidance on Stool Culture Detection Rate in Patients with Infectious Diarrhea

目的探讨采样指导对感染性腹泻患者粪便培养检出率的影响。方法选择2008年5—7月某院肠道门诊符合感染性腹泻诊断标准的173例患者。所有患者自行留粪采样后,均再由专职护士指导后采样;指导前的采样标本为A组,专职护士指导后的采样标本为B组,两组均为173份标本。将两组标本送检志贺菌、肠埃希菌、沙门菌、弧菌等肠道致病菌培养,分别计算致病菌的检出率。结果 173例患者中,共检出有致病菌者113例(65.3%),包括志贺菌63例(36.4%)、大肠杆菌21例(12.1%)、沙门菌7例(4.0%)、弧菌属17例(9.8%)、其他菌属5例(2.8%)。两种采样方法的检测结果差异有统计学意义(x^2=7.81,P<0.05),两组致病菌检出率的差异有统计学意义(x^2=5.61,P<0.05)。结论采样指导可以有效提高粪便致病菌检出率,为临床诊断提供帮助。

Objective To evaluate the effect of sampling guidance on detection rate of pathogenic bacterium in stool specimens. Methods Paired stool specimens were collected in 173 outpatients meeting the diagnostic criteria of infectious diarrhea from May to July 2008 in the department of intestinal diseases. One fecal sample（group A,n=173） was picked by the patients themselves and the other paired one（group B,n= 173） was picked with the guidance of nurse specialists. Common pathogenic bacteria including shigella,intestinal coli ,salmonella and vibrio were detected by culture assays and the positive rate of detections were analyzed separately. Results Of the 173 patients, 113 （65. 3%） samples were detected with pathogenic bacterium including shigella（n=63,36.4%） ,intestinal coli（n= 21,12.1%）, salmonella（n = 7,4.0%） ,vibrio （n=17,9.8%） and other bacteria（n=5,2.8%）. The differences in the detection results of two group were statistically significant（Х^2=7.81 ,P〈0.05） . And the differences in the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria between the two groups were statistically significant （Х^2= 5.61, P〈0.05）. Conclusion Sampling guidance can effectively improve the detection rate of pathogenic bacterium in stool specimens which contributes to clinical diagnosis.