切尔诺夫的俄国社会革命学说评析

An Analysis of Chernov’s Russian Social Revolutionary Thought

切尔诺夫是俄国社会革命党的理论家。他的社会学说坚持以人为本,把经济、政治、法律、感情、宗教等看成影响人的一系列因素,是主观与客观的统一。切尔诺夫肯定了资本主义在工业经济方面的创造性,但同时否定了它在农业和道德领域的作用。从人道主义出发,切尔诺夫主张以劳动为原则,在合作社与辛迪加的基础上,建立民主共和国。由于切尔诺夫忽视了传统宗法社会和资本主义社会关系背后道德伦理和宗教伦理的区别,以道德伦理替代宗教伦理,引发了秉承两种不同伦理的社会混战。社会革命党也成为这场混战的牺牲品。

Chernov was a theorist of Russian Social Revolutionary Party. In his thought,＂people＂should be ori- entated,and the economy,political,law,affection and religions were a series of factors that could influence human development. He affirmed the creativeness of capitalism in the field of industry economy and denied its effect in the agriculture and morality field. From humanitarian angle,Chernov advocated building a democratic republic by the principle of working and in the cooperative and syndicate base. Because he ignored the difference between moral ethics and religions ethics behind the relationship between traditional patriarchal society and capitalist society,he substituted moral ethics for religious ethics,causing fights between societies that followed the different principles. Accordingly,Social Revolutionary Party became the victim of the tangled fight.