中国农村合作组织制度安排分析

An Analysis of the System Arrangement of China Rural Cooperative Organizations

中国农村合作组织制度受到小农经济和村社文化的约束,农村合作组织的制度构架主要由产权制度、分配制度、治理结构制度以及责任制度等构成,农村合作组织的制度演进呈现经济联社→农民协会→专业合作→股份合作四个阶段,传统制度阴影、现有制度缺陷以及制度变迁成本较高成为农村合作组织的制度演进障碍。促进农村合作组织制度演进的主要措施有加大对农村合作组织的制度供给的力度、走强制性和诱致性相结合的制度道路、营造制度环境并提供政府援助,以及通过体制创新构建农村"2+1"新模式等。

The implantation of rural cooperative organization is restricted by small-peasant economy and village culture. The system framework of rural cooperative organization is mainly made up of system of property right, system of allocation, system of government structure, system of responsibility, etc. The system evolution of rural cooperative organization will go through the stages from united rural economic cooperative,peasant association and specialized cooperation to stock cooperation. The negative influence of traditional system, defect of the current system and relatively high cost of system change constitute the barrier against the development of the rural cooperative organization system. The major measures to promote the rural cooperative organization system are thought to include reinforcing the momentum of system supply for rural cooperative organizations, combining a compulsory system with an inductive system, creating a necessary system environment, providing aids from government, and constructing a new rural＂2＋1＂ mode through system innovation.