儿童低剂量CT扫描技术的临床应用进展

Clinical Progress of Low-dose CT Scan in Children

随着CT扫描技术的发展,其在临床的应用范围越来越广,特别是用于儿童病变的检查但儿童对射线较成人更为敏感,在CT扫描中如何在保证成像质量的前提下尽量降低儿童的辐射剂量成为研究的热点。目前,降低CT扫描剂量的方法主要有降低管电压和管电流、增大螺距以及减少扫描次数。现主要介绍低剂量CT扫描在儿童颅脑、五官、胸部以及腹部和盆腔的应用,重点叙述各部位低剂量CT扫描的条件以及对成像质量的影响。

With the improvement of its technique,CT scan has been expansively applied in clinical practice,especially in the diagnosis of pediatric diseases.However,children are more susceptible to Xray radiation than adults.Therefore,how to obtain clear images but reduce the pediatric radiation dose in CT scan has become attractive.Nowadays,four methods are mainly used to reduce CT radiation dose,including decreasing tube voltage and current and increasing pitch with less scan times.In this article,lowdose CT scan in skull and brain,ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology,thorax,abdomen and pelvic cavity is reviewed.To make the image quality meet the clinical requirements,CT scan dose should be reduced as possible.