教师职业压力的影响因素及内在心理机制

The Influential Factors and Internal Psychological Mechanism of Teacher's Occupational Stress

文章从需要和动机、认知方式、人格特征、能力素质、自我期望、经验、心理准备状态等方面阐述了影响教师职业压力的内部心理因素和影响教师职业压力的社会因素——社会支持系统;分析认为,教师职业压力从产生到发展经历几个阶段:环境刺激→对压力情境的评估→应付策略的运用→严重压力症状的产生→反馈机制的制约,完善了教师职业压力的内在心理机制模式图,进一步揭示了教师职业压力的本质和压力产生的一般规律。

This paper expounds the internal psychological factors and social factors（i.e.social supportsystem） that contribute to teacher＇s occupational stress from a variety of aspects ranging from need andmotivation,cognitive style,personality and character,ability and quality,self-expectation,experience,psychological preparation and so on.It reveals that teacher＇s occupational stress undergoes the following stages：environmental stimulus → evaluation of stress situation → application of stress-relieving strategies →occurrence of symptoms of high level stress → constraint of feedback mechanism.This research has improvedthe model of internal psychological mechanism of teacher＇s occupational stress,therefore unveiling the natureand the general rules of the stress.