红外与铂电阻地表温度测值分析对比

Comparison Analysis of Ground Surface Temperature Records from Pt and Infrared Sensors in Different Weather Conditions

介绍了红外与铂电阻观测地表温度的方法和原理及影响因素。通过2007年1月至2008年2月锡林浩特国家气候观象台红外与铂电阻地表温度对比观测试验获取数据对比,分析不同典型天气条件下(高温、低温、降雨、降雪覆盖等)观测差值的变化情况。结果表明,观测结果差异的大小主要受太阳辐射和下垫面状况影响。夏季高温时,铂电阻地表温度传感器受太阳辐射影响较大,两者的观测差值在白天较大,夜晚较小;冬季低温时,两者的观测差值日变化较小,且观测资料具有很好的可比性;降雨时,下垫面状况发生变化,同时不受太阳辐射影响,两者的观测差值会减小;降雪覆盖时,两者的观测值由于下垫面状况发生变化,观测对象发生变化而不再一致,红外观测值高于铂电阻观测值,随着积雪的融化,差值逐渐变小。

An introduction is made to two different instruments for measuring ground surface temperature.Based on the ground surface temperature data observed by the two instruments in the Xilinhaote National Climate Observatory from January 2007 to February 2008,the differences between the two observed data in different weather conditions are analyzed and compared.The results show that the difference was mainly influenced by solar radiation and the conditions of the underlying surface.At high temperature in Summer,the difference,affected greatly by solar radiation,was considerable large in daytime,and relatively small in night.At low temperature in winter,the difference was small and the data were of good comparability.The results also show that the two sets of measurements tend to be close when it rains.However,the difference increases with the depth of the snow.