分子系统发育分析的生物信息学方法

Bioinformatics Approach for Molecular Evolution Research

物种之间的系统发育分析研究物种的形成或进化历史,以及物种之间的进化关系,它是当代生命科学研究的一个重要分支。分子生物学和计算机科学的发展,为人类采用计算的方法从分子水平研究生物的进化历史以及探索生命的起源提供了新的思路。在过去的几十年中,基于分子水平的系统发育学研究取得很大的进展,各种各样基于分子水平的系统发育树推断方法被提出来。现从物种进化距离刻画和系统发育树重构算法两个方面,总结和评述了在过去十几年里,人类利用生物信息学方法在分子水平上研究物种进化关系的进展和取得的成果,分析了物种进化研究存在的问题和面临的挑战,指出了物种进化研究今后的主要方向。

The phylogeny inference among different species aims to reveal the evolutionary history of certain species, as well as the evolutionary relationship among them, it is an essential branch in the today＇s research of science life. The progress in molecular biology supplies a large volume of data to the field of phylogeny inference, and the research of evolutionary relationship among different species at molecular level is receiving considerable attention. In the past decade, much progress in this area has been＇achieved by means of bioinformatics, and a variety of algorithms have been devised to reconstruct the phylogenetic tree of species. In this paper, the development of measuring the evolutionary distance and reconstructing algorithm for phylogeny were reviewed and commented, and the challenge of researchers in this field faced was then pointed out, in the end, perspectives in this realm were also proposed.