综合性医院医院感染患病率及危险因素调查

Investigation on nosocomial infection prevalence and risk factors in a comprehensive hospital

目的了解某院医院感染患病情况,为医院感染管理与控制提供依据。方法采取床旁调查和查阅住院病历相结合的方法,对该院2009年11月26日的住院患者进行医院感染横断面调查。结果调查住院患者1 765例,医院感染现患率为4.19%,例次现患率为4.42%。医院感染部位以下呼吸道为主,占35.90%。当日抗菌药物使用率为50.20%,预防用药占53.05%,治疗用药者病原学送检率为26.92%。使用免疫抑制剂、化学治疗、气管切开、留置引流、泌尿道插管、使用肾上腺糖皮质激素、患恶性肿瘤是医院感染的危险因素。结论医院感染横断面调查可为有效开展医院感染目标性监测提供依据。

Objective To investigate nosocomial infection （NI） prevalence in a hospital, so as to provide reference for NI control . Methods The bed-side survey and hospital records checkup were taken to survey NI prevalence rates in inpatients with a cross-sectional method on November 26, 2009. Results 1 765 inpatients were investigated, NI prevalence rate was 4. 19%, case prevalence rate was 4. 42%. The main site of NI was lower respiratory tract （35.90%） ; The usage rate of antimicrobial agents was 50. 20%, 53.05% of which was prophylactic use, 26. 92% of inpatients who received antimicrobial agents were delivered samples for pathogenic detection. Univariate analysis showed that immunosuppressant, chemotherapy, tracheotomy, indwelling drainage, urinary catheterization, glucocorticoid, and cancer were the risk factors for NI. Conclusion The cross-sectional investigation can offer evidence for target surveillance of NI.