常态错觉与变态错觉——论变态心理学关于错觉的错误归类

Normal Illusion and Abnormal Illusion——On the Error Classification of Illusion in Abnormal Psychology

错觉是人在特定条件下必然产生的对客观事物的一种有固定倾向的不正确的、歪曲的知觉,是正常人的正常心理现象。虽然错视、错味、错触、错嗅、错听和内感性错觉常见于癔症、精神分裂症、各种物质中毒所致精神疾病、脑器质性精神疾病以及伴有轻度意识障碍的病人。但错觉与幻觉完全不同,幻觉是只有在心理变态者或心理障碍患者特别是精神病患者心理上才有的现象,本身就是心理障碍,而错觉本身不是心理障碍,但变态心理学和精神病学却把错觉也列入变态心理,建议将变态心理学感知障碍中的错觉改为错觉障碍。

The illusion is a normal psychological phenomenon,and is distorted and false perception about objectives,which arises necessarily in certain circumstances.The illusion is the common phenomenon.Although the visual illusion,gustatory illusion,haptic illusion,auditory illusion,and sensuous illusion are common in hysteria,schizophrenia,mental illness caused by various toxic substances,organic brain disease,and patients with mild mental impairment awareness,the illusion and the hallucination are completely different.The hallucination is the only psychological phenomenon among psycho disorders and psychological disorders,especially psycho.The hallucination itself is psychological disorder,but illusions itself is not psychological disorder,while abnormal psychology and psychiatry classify illusions in abnormal psychology.Thus this article proposes to change illusions in perceived obstacles of abnormal psychology into illusions obstacles.