天山中段雪岭云杉森林冬春季小气候变化特征分析

Microclimatic Characteristics of Picea Schrenkiana during Winter and Spring in Mid-Tianshan Mountain

利用天山中段雪岭云杉林区连续气象观测资料,初步分析了林内外冬、春季小气候特征的变化规律。结果表明,雪岭云杉林对小气候特征存在明显影响,冬、春季林内平均气温、地表温度相对林外均明显偏低,相对湿度均显著大于林外;林内同林外比,冬季、春季气温偏低分别在1.3~1.7℃、0.5~1.2℃之间,且林内气温日较差和相对湿度变化幅度明显小于林外。林内风速小,日变化不明显,静风的频率最大;冬、春季林外平均风速分别为2.0 m/s、2.5 m/s,而林内分别为0.2、0.3 m/s。

Based on the meteorological information of forest microclimate at different altitudes in the middle area of Tianshan Mountains,the microclimatic characteristics of Picea Schrenkiana were analyzed and compared between inside and outside forest area during winter and spring.The main results showed that the average air temperature and surface temperature inside forest were lower than outside forest obviously,and the relative humidity was higher significantly.Comparing with outside forest area,the air temperature inside forest was lower from 1.3 ℃ to 1.7 ℃ in winter and from 0.5 ℃ to 1.2 ℃ in spring.For the change rate,the mean diurnal range of air temperature and relative humidity inside forest were lower than that outside forest.The wind speed inside forest waslower than outside forest.There was not obvious diurnal change of wind speed,and the wind was more in static state inside forest.The average wind speed outside forest was 2.0 m/s in winter and 2.5 m/s in spring,and the inside forest were 0.2 m/s,0.3 m/s respectively.The influence of Picea Schrenkiana forest on the microclimate factor was obvious.