气候变暖和降水变化对地下生态过程的影响

Effects of Climate Warming and Precipitation Variations on Process of Belowground Ecosystem

地下生态学过程是指陆地生态系统地下部分结构、功能的动态变化过程,它与地上过程高度关联,是全面理解生态系统结构和功能,特别是对全球气候变化响应和适应机理的关键。气候变暖和降水变化是气候变化的两个重要方面,它们对地下生态学过程各个方面的影响复杂且重要,然而目前在这方面的综述文章并不多见。本文综述了气候变暖和降水变化对土壤碳收支、氮循环、土壤生物以及植物细根的周转等方面的研究进展,并在此基础上分析了相关研究领域的主要瓶颈,提出了一些亟待解决的科学问题,期望促进气候变化背景下地下生态学的发展。

Process of belowground ecosystem is defined as dynamic of structure and functions of belowground ecosystem,which is highly relat- ed with aboveground parts. It is a critical rule to completely understand structure and functions of territorial ecosystems, especiaZly to under- stand responses and adaption to climate change. As two major aspects of climate change, global warming and precipitation variation have pro- found and important impacts on ecological processes mad functions of belowgronnd ecosystem. However, review literature focused on the relat- ed topics is rather limited. In this paper, the research progress on the processes of soil carbon budget, nitrogen cycle, soil biota, and fine root turnover rate were reviewed. On basis of the review, major bottleneck is analyzed and topics neglected in the current researches were pro- posed, which aims at helping advance belowground ecology under the background of climate change.