住院患者护理标准制定原则的调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of the principles to formulate nursing standards for inpatients care

目的为制定住院患者护理标准提供遵循的原则。方法 以护理管理专家为研究对象,发放30份自行设计的患者护理标准制定原则调查表,定新标准时需体现的程度采用7分制Likert等级评分。结果 (1)现行标准是否体现所列原则的评分加权平均数5.42～4.05,变异系数0.28～0.59;(2)制定新标准时是否需体现所列原则的评分加权平均数6.84～5.87,变异系数0.06～0.29;(3)新标准制定原则的前3位是安全、专科、指导临床护理的原则。结论各地现行患者护理标准的制定原则互不统一,与专家期望存在差异,急需在制定新标准前统一制定的原则;制定新标准要围绕临床护理活动,将整体护理的内涵、人性化的要求和专科的要求纳入标准中。

Objective To provide the principles for establishing the nursing standards of inpatients care.Methods The questionnaire of the principles of nursing standards for inpatients care was collected from thirty experts in nursing management,which was analyzed with the 7 Likert scoring.Results The score-weighted average for the present standards-manefected principles was 5.42-4.05（7 Likert） with the coefficient of variations（CV） of 0.28-0.59.The score-weighted average for the new standards reflecting the principles to be established was 6.84-5.87 with the CV of 0.06-0.29.The top three of the principles were safety principle,specialty principle and clinical nursing principle.Conclusion The principles for making the present standards were quiet different among different districts and were far from what the specialists in nursing expected.The new united standard reflecting the principles needs to be established as soon as possible,which should cover the connotation of holistic,humanity,specialty and clear the responsibilities and the preconditions.It is also important to formulate the new standards on the basis of clinical nursing and the newest specialized development after considering the differences among hospitals and regions.