0.5%吡丙醚颗粒剂对白纹伊蚊控制效果的研究

Effectiveness of 0.5% pyriproxyfen granules for Aedes albopictus control

目的探索0.5%吡丙醚颗粒剂对白纹伊蚊的控制效果,为上海世博会期间蚊虫控制做好药物和技术储备。方法采用幼虫浸液法,观察实验室和模拟现场条件下不同药剂浓度对幼虫的致死率、化蛹率和羽化率,并观察在0.06、0.08mg/L浓度下其对不同龄期蚊幼虫的控制效果。居民区现场用吡丙醚处理白纹伊蚊孳生地(雨水井和其他水体),用叮刺法测定成蚊密度。从现场孳生地中取回含有蚊幼虫的水体,进一步观察蚊幼虫的生长发育过程。结果 (1)0.06～0.12mg/L浓度梯度下,实验室内幼虫的致死率为25.75%～49.00%,化蛹率为31.19%～40.25%,未出现羽化的成蚊;对照组化蛹率为99.25%,羽化率为95.47%。(2)0.06、0.08mg/L浓度下对不同龄期幼虫具有抑制其化蛹和羽化的能力,且呈现出浓度增加,化蛹率降低的趋势。(3)在模拟现场向阳和背阳环境下,使用浓度在0.5mg/L以上时,吡丙醚能有效抑制蚊虫的化蛹率和羽化率。(4)吡丙醚颗粒剂施用于现场蚊虫孳生地后,按蚊虫孳生地阳性率和成蚊叮刺法调查,蚊幼虫以及成蚊密度均有明显下降。从水系中采回的蚊幼虫,仅0.24%～0.71%发育为成蚊。结论吡丙醚具有抑制白纹伊蚊幼虫生长发育的作用,可将1mg/L的吡丙醚直接应用于孳生地控制蚊虫。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of 0.5% pyriproxyfen granules for control of Aedes albopictus,providing the basis for mosquito control drugs and techniques during the Shanghai World Expo.Methods Larvae immersion was conducted to determine the mortality,pupation and eclosion rates at different concentrations under laboratory conditions and simulated field conditions.The control effects at 0.06 and 0.08 mg/L on different larval instars were assessed.Pyriproxyfen was applied on-site to the breeding sites of Ae.albopictus（water wells and other water bodies） in residential areas,and the mosquito density was measured using the mosquito biting method.The larvae-containing water bodies were collected from the experiment field for further observation of larval growth and development.Results（1） At the concentration gradient from 0.06 to 0.12 mg/L,the mortality of larvae was 25.75%-49.00% and the pupation rate 31.19%-40.25% under laboratory conditions;adult mosquitoes did not emerge.The pupation rate of the control group was 99.25%,and the eclosion rate was 95.47%;（2） the tested agent inhibited the pupation and eclosion of multiple larval instars at 0.06 and 0.08 mg/L,and the eclosion rate decreased as the concentration rose;（3） under the simulated environment,pyriproxyfen effectively inhibited the pupation and eclosion of mosquitoes at a concentration of above 0.5 mg/L in the shade;and（4） the density of both larval and adult mosquitoes reduced sharply at the breeding sites after on-site application of pyriproxyfen granules,according to the investigation of breeding sites and adult mosquito biting method.Only 0.24%-0.71% of the larvae collected from the water bodies developed into adults.Conclusion Pyriproxyfen can inhibit the growth and development of Ae.albopictus larvae.1 mg/L of pyriproxyfen can be directly applied to the breeding sites for mosquito control.