2008-2009年北京市东城区越冬蚊密度监测结果分析

Analysis of mosquito density monitoring results in winter in Dongcheng district,Beijing from 2008 to 2009

目的掌握本辖区内越冬蚊虫种类、数量和分布,为预测预报和处理应急事件积累基础数据。方法越冬蚊监测采用目测法。从监测地点随机抽取5个观察点,每点为1m2,观察5min内蚊虫数量并记录结果。监测过程中重点对防空洞、地下室和花房等越冬蚊主要栖息的场所进行检查。结果连续2年的监测均查到越冬蚊,且均为淡色库蚊。2008年共设置监测点31处,累计监测面积5600m2,阳性率为19.35%;2009年共监测26处,累计监测面积2835m2,阳性率为15.38%。2009年与2008年相比,越冬蚊数量显著升高,平均蚊密度分别为0.88和0.41只/m2。连续2年监测,防空洞中越冬蚊数量最高,平均蚊密度分别为3.50和6.25只/m2。结论防空洞是越冬蚊主要的栖息场所,应加强夏季蚊虫监测及其相关传染病的预防控制工作。

Objective The species,quantity and distribution of the wintering mosquitoes in Dongcheng district were investigated to provide data basis for early forecast,prediction and handling of emergency events.Methods The wintering mosquitoes were monitored by visual observation.Five observation places were randomly selected from the monitoring sites,1 m2 for each,to record the number of mosquitoes within 5 min.In the process,priority was given to the monitoring in the major habitats for overwintering mosquitoes such as air-raid shelters,basements and greenhouses.Results Wintering mosquitoes had been observed for two consecutive years,and were identified as Culex pipiens pallens in both years.In 2008,a total of 31 monitoring sites were set up,covering a cumulative monitoring area of 5600 m2,resulting in a positive rate of 19.35%.In 2009,26 monitoring sites were set up with the cumulative area of 2835 m2,resulting in a positive rate of 15.38%.The number of winter mosquitoes significantly increased in 2009 as compared to that in 2008,the average mosquito density being 0.88 per m2 in the former and 0.41 per m2 in the latter.The number of wintering mosquitoes in air-raid shelters remained high for the two consecutive years with the average mosquito density of 3.50 and 6.25 per m2,respectively.Conclusion Air-raid shelters were the major habitat for wintering mosquitoes.The monitoring of mosquito and the prevention and control of related infectious diseases in the next summer should be strengthened.