免疫多糖对中国对虾血清溶菌酶、磷酸酶和过氧化物酶的作用

EFFECTS OF IMMUNOPOIYSACCHARIDE ON LSZ, ALP, ACP AND POD ACTIVITIES OF PENEUSIS SERUM

于1997年9月在青岛红岛养殖场采集中国对虾,给对虾腹腔注射不同剂量的海藻多糖和北虫草多糖后,用生化法测定其血清中的溶菌酶（LSZ）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、酸性磷酸酶（ACP）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性的动力学变化。结果表明,注射1.0％北虫草多糖及1.0％海藻多糖48h后,对虾血清中的LSZ活性由对照组的0.25U／ml分别增至0.88U／ml和0.75U／ml,POD活性由对照组的0.11U／mg分别增至2.2U／mg和1.96U／mg;注射72h后,ALP活性由对照组的1.2U／mg分别增至48U／mg和25U／mg,ACP活性由对照组的4.5U／mg增至30U／mg和17U／mg,而血清蛋白的变化较为稳定。LSZ、ALP和ACP的活性变化最为显著,说明海藻多糖和北虫草多糖作为免疫药物能够增强中国对虾的免疫功能。

Penaeus chinensis with a body length of 12-14cm were bought from Hongdao prawn culturing farm in Qngdao in September, 1997. The prawns were nursed in the glass tanks in laboratory. Seaweed polysaccharide and Cordyceps militaris polysascharide with various concentration were injected intraperitoneally into the bodies of P. chinensis. Hemolymph was collected by heart puncture from the rear of cephalothorax at 24h, 48h, 72h after the injection. The activities of LSZ,ALP, ACP, POD and the content of total protein in the hemolymph were determined.The results show that after P. chinensis was stimulated by seaweed polysaccharide and Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, all the activities in the hemolymph increased. Two kinds of immunopolysaccharide could be used as non-special immunopotentiator to enhance the immunological functioning of P. chinensis and its defensive ability to pathogen. This study may represent a new application of immune polysaccharide to the prevention and care of the prawn disease.After the injection of 1.0% seaweed polysaccharide and Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide for 48h, the activities of LSZ increased from 0.25U /ml of the control group to 0.75U/ ml and 0.88U /ml separately, then decreased rapidly at 72h. The activities of ALP enhanced slightly at 24h and 48h,and increased from 1.2U / mg of the control group to 25U / mg and 48U / mg separately at 72h.The activities of ACP increased gradually too, changed from 4.5U/ mg of the control group to 17U / mg and 30U/ mg at 72h. The activities of POD increased to a maximum value at 48h, were 1.96U/ mg and 2.20U / mg from 0.11U / ml of the control group, and dropped a littie at 72h.However, the content of protein in hemolymph was stable. Because of the effects of polysaccharide on the phagocytosis of phagocytes, the activities of LSZ ALP, ACP, POD increased in varying degrees. It shows that these enzyme activities were related closely with the immunity of P. Chinensis and could be used as an index of detecting the prawn's health and immunological competence. As two kinds of immune drugs, seaweed polysaccharide and Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide could be favourable to the activities of LSZ, ALP, ACP in the hemolymph of P. chinensis and could enhance the metabolic capablity. So two kinds of polysaccharide possessed som application value in the prevention and cure of prawn disease.