利用花茎培养试管苗生产茎椰菜F_1种子

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON FLORAL STEM CULTURE FOR USE IN F_1 HYBRID SEED PRODUCTION IN BROCCOLI

在花蕾作外植体离体繁殖二个自交不亲和系亲本生产的茎椰菜杂种一代种子中发现,母本“823”的花蕾接种20天后出现黄化现象,绿芽分化率大大下降,仅为10％—30％,由芽发育成的新梢细弱,影啊生根和移栽成活。用花茎切段代替花蕾作外植体,在MS+IAAlmg/1+BA4mg/1的培养基上,绿芽分化率可达100％,培养40天左右每个花茎切段可得到三个以上有效新梢。在此基础上,用花茎切段繁殖了一批试管苗,1987年春种植郊区大田,生产杂种一代种子获得成功。试管植株表现整齐一致,无变异现象,能正常生长、发育和开花结荚,母本单株种子产量可达11.6克。

In an early experiment using flower buds as explants in tissue culture propagation of two self-incompatiblity parents for use in F_1 hybrid seed production in broccoli, it was found that most flower buds excised from the mother plant '823' yellowed about 20 days after inoculation and bud differentiation rate was greatly decreased (10%—30% only), moreover the shoots developed from buds were thin and delicate so that their rooting rate and survival rate after transplantation were significantly affected. In 1986, small pieces of floral stem were used instead of flower buds as explants, the bud differentiation rate on MS medium+IAA 1mg/l+BA 4mg/l reached 100% and each explant produced over three effective shoots after about 40-day culture. On this basis a lot of plantlets were propagated using small pieces of floral stem as explants. These plantlets were planted in fields in the suburbs of Shanghai in the spring of 1987 for use in F_1 hybrid seed production and were grown with success. The plants grew and developed normally and no variation appeared. Seed yield per mother plant could reached 11.6g.