新兵急进高海拔地区早期心理反应分析

Analysis of psychological response of recruits in early period of rapid marching to high altitude area

目的探讨新兵急进高海拔地区早期心理反应的特点和规律。方法随机抽取80名新兵,跟随其从海拔1400m某地摩托化快速进驻4200m高原,并进行观察。分别在进驻前(G1组)、进驻后第7天(G2组)和第30天(G3组)三个阶段对其用SCL-90量表进行心理测评。采用配对t检验和卡方检验对数据进行分析。结果与G1组比较,G2组躯体化、焦虑因子分值显著升高(P<0.05);人际关系敏感性、敌对及偏执因子分值显著降低(P<0.05)。与G1组比较,G3组躯体化因子分值显著升高(P<0.05);人际关系敏感性因子分值显著降低(P<0.05)。与G2组比较,G3组敌对因子分值显著升高(P<0.05)且高于G2组;G3组躯体化和"其他"因子分值显著降低(P<0.05)。进驻后第一个星期躯体化、焦虑因子向消极方向发展,而人际关系敏感性、敌对、偏执因子向积极方向发展。驻留高原1个月,上述因子除人际关系敏感性外,全部或部分趋于恢复进驻前水平。结论新兵初进高原后众多心理因子均受到显著影响,这种影响既有有害的一面也有有益的一面,而且随着时间的推移,多数影响趋于消退。

Objective To analyze the character and regularity of psychological response in recruits during the early period of rapid marching to high altitude area. Methods Eighty recruits were selected randomly and followed by the researchers to rapidly march with automobiles from 1400m to 4200m,and then observed for one month. The syndrome checklist-90 questionnaire （SCL-90） was used to check the recruits＇ psychological response at three time points：before marching （G1）,7 days after entering destination （G2） and 30 days after entering destination （G3）. The data were analyzed by paired t test and Chi-square test. Results Compared with G1 group,the scores of somatization and anxiety were significantly higher,while of interpersonal sensitivity,hostility and paranoid ideation significantly lower in G2 group （P0.05）; and the scores of somatization increased,and of interpersonal sensitivity decreased significantly in G3 group （P0.05）. Compared with G2 group,the scores of hostility remarkably increased,and of somatization and other factors markedly decreased in G3 group （P0.05）. In the first week after entering destination,factors of somatization and anxiety turned to be worse,while of interpersonal sensitivity,hostility and paranoid ideation became better. One month after stationing in the high altitude area,the factors mentioned above,with an exception of interpersonal sensitivity,totally or partially returned to previous level. Conclusions During the early period of entering high altitude area,several psychological factors may be significantly affected in recruits. Such affections may be helpful or harmful to the recruits,and may decline gradually as time goes on.