苯二氮类药物急性中毒的急救护理

Emergency Care for Acute Intoxication of Benzodiazepine Drugs

目的比较氟马西尼和纳洛酮与相应的急救护理对急性苯二氮类药物中毒患者的临床疗效。方法选择120例苯二氮类药物急性中毒患者,随机均分为氟马西尼组和纳洛酮组,均进行常规洗胃、导泻等急救护理治疗,氟马西尼组予氟马西尼0.25～0.5mg静脉注射,纳洛酮组予0.8mg纳洛酮静脉注射。均采用Glasgow-Pittsburgh评分进行疗效评价。结果治疗前两组的Glasgow-Pittsburgh评分无显著差异,治疗后30min和治疗后1,4,24h,氟马西尼组的Glasgow-Pittsburgh显著高于纳洛酮组,且住院时间显著短于纳洛酮组。结论氟马西尼在快速催醒方面优于纳洛酮,且缩短了平均住院时间,降低了住院费用。

Objective To observe and compare the clinical efficacy between flumazenil and naloxone as well as corresponding emergency care in the treatment of the patients with acute intoxication of benzodiazepine drugs（BZDs）.Methods To randomly divide 120 patients with acute intoxication of BZDs in our department into flumazenil group and naloxone group with 60 cases for each group.The preventive treatments such as gastric lavage and catharsis were performed as routine emergency care.Flumazenil 0.25-0.5 mg was intravenously injected to the patients in flumazenil group,while intravenous naloxone 0.8 mg to the patients in naloxone group.The efficacy was evaluated with Glasgow-Pittsburgh scoring.Results The Glasgow-Pittsburgh scores for both groups had no significant difference before treatment,while at 30 min,1 h,4 h and 24 h after treatment,the Glasgow-Pittsburgh scores of flumazenil group was significantly higher than that of naloxone group,and the length of stay for flumazenil group was significantly shorter than that for naloxone group.Conclusion Flumazenil is superior to naloxone in regaining consciousness,shortening the average length of stay and reducing hospitalization cost of patients.