可逆性颞骨内面神经麻痹实验模型

Experimental Model of Reversible Intratemporal Facial Paralysis

目的：探讨可逆性颞骨内面神经麻痹模型制作条件，观察不同损伤程度的面神经和支配肌的病理改变。方法：应用豚鼠经听泡磨开面神经骨管，用微型钳压榨面神经，制作不同损伤程度的面神经麻痹模型。通过神经电图、透射电镜观察。结果：压榨５ｓ组神经传导抑制时间平均（３２．３±１５．１）ｍｉｎ，只见髓鞘板层间开离，肌纤维无病理变化；１５ｓ组神经传导抑制时间（４６±１２）ｄ，大部分髓鞘重度板层间开离，轴突轻度变性，口轮匝肌纤维的Ｚ带轻度变形。结论：可逆性面神经麻痹的制作条件是，必须给予面神经适度损伤。

Objective:We were to explore the conditions for preparing experimental model of reversible intratemporal facial paralysis, and to observe the functional and histopathological changes in facial nerve and innervating muscles with different degrees of injuries. Methods:Bone canal of facial nerve was compressed by minimal forceps. We made models of facial paralysis with different degrees of injuries. These were observed under electroneurogram and transmission microscope. Results:Average value of nerve conduction inhibition time of compression for 5 s group was (32.3±15.1) min. Only lamina separation of myelin sheath could be observed. No pathological changes in muscle fiber was discernible. Nerve conduction inhibition time of compression for 15s group was (46±12) d. Severe lamina separation of most myelin sheath was observed. Axon mildly degenerated. Z band of orbicularis oris muscle mildly deformed. Conclusion: The conditions for preparing experimental model of reversible facial paralysis was appropriate injury to facial nerve which could not cause severe pathological changes in facial nerve and innervating muscle.