海岛城市船舶修造业职业卫生现状与对策

Situation and Countermeasures on Occupational Health in Shipbuilding Industry of Island City

目的分析舟山市船舶修造业卫生现状,对现存的职业卫生问题提出建议和措施。方法根据船舶修造业的具体流程,对2007、2008年的主要职业病危害因素及岗位、防护设施、劳动者健康监护、职业病危害因素监测、建设项目评价等情况进行调查。结果接触人数、体检率、检出职业禁忌、职业健康监护档案建立率、职业卫生培训、应急措施等各项指标相比2007年有大幅提升,金属粉尘、电焊烟尘、高毒类为船舶修造业的主要职业危害因素。结论舟山市船舶修造业职业病危害形势严峻,职业病危害项目预评价和控制效果评价缺位,职业病危害未引起用人单位足够的重视,职业卫生技术服务机构、体检机构与海岛特点不相适应,提出下一步工作意见和措施。

Objective To study the health status of the shipbuilding industry in Zhoushan city,and put forward proposals and measures on the existing oc-cupational health issues Methods According to the shipbuilding industry specific processes,we investigated the main occupational hazards,posts,protective facilities,health care workers,occupational hazards monitoring and construction projects were evaluated between 2007 and 2008.Results Comparing with the 2007,contact numbers,physical examination rate,the detection professional taboos,file creation rate of occupational health surveillance,occupational health training,emergency measures and other indicators have increased.Metal dusts,welding fumes,highly toxic are the major occupational hazards in the shipbuilding industry.Conclusion The situation of occupational hazards in the shipbuilding industry is grim in Zhoushan.Pre-evaluation of occupational hazards and control of the project evaluation are absent and occupational hazards caused have been neglected by the employing unit.Occupational health service institutions,medical institutions are incompatible with the characteristics of the island.The measures for future implementation was put forward to in the paper.