圆盘型弯张换能器研究

A disc flextensional transducer

弯张换能器和弯曲圆盘换能器利用金属结构体的弯曲振动产生声辐射,是低频水声发射器广泛采用的结构形式.提出将两者联合的设计思想并设计研制了一种圆盘型弯张换能器,换能器结构中采用径向极化的压电陶瓷(PZT4)圆环驱动弯曲圆盘振动,圆盘的中间部分设计一个圆拱型内凹结构,其工作方式类似于V型弯张换能器的单侧振动壳,圆盘外面的环形部分采用20 mm的均匀厚度,并且加工径向槽分割成16个均匀的扇形结构.研制了换能器样品,通过ANSYS分析和水池测试得到换能器的电声性能:换能器谐振频率为1 800 Hz,最大发射电压响应为110 dB,最大声源级为170 dB,电声效率为76%.换能器样品直径210 mm,厚度46 mm,重量仅3.8 kg.结果表明:这种换能器具有低频小尺寸高效率的特点,在小型低频声纳发射系统和主动噪声控制系统方面将有良好的应用前景.

Flextensional transducers and bender disc transducers are generally used as low frequency projectors radiating sound by the flexure of a metal structure.The authors developed a concept integrating both,and the resulting disc flextensional transducer was tested.In the design a radially polarized piezoelectric ceramic（PZT4） ring was used to drive a bending disc.The a vaulted roof in its center section was similar to the single-sided shell of a class V flextensional transducer.The outer circular section of the disc,with a thickness of 20mm,was divided into 16 uniform fan-shaped pieces,each separated by gaps.The electro-acoustic performance of the prototype of the disc flextensional transducer was simulated by ANSYS software and also measured in a water tank.The maximum transmitting voltage response level was 110 dB and the maximum source level was 170 dB.At the resonance frequency of 1,800 Hz,the electro-acoustic efficiency was 76%.The diameter of the transducer is 210 mm,the thickness is 46 mm,and the weight is 3.8 kg.The results showed that the transducer is capable of generating low frequencies,is small,and is highly efficient.It will be well suited for applications requiring miniature low-frequency sonar transmission systems and low-frequency active noise control systems.