贵阳市城市道路灰尘重金属铅污染及评价

Lead Pollution and It’s Assessment in Urban Street Dust of Guiyang City

对贵阳市城市道路灰尘重金属铅污染进行了研究。结果表明：2008年贵阳市各行政区道路灰尘中铅的含量按南明区、乌当区、白云区、花溪区、云岩区、小河区顺序分别为81.19～174.94mg/kg、54.33～177.62mg/kg、59.75～275.93mg/kg、59.45～143.41mg/kg、61.32～106.05mg/kg、57.84～115.53mg/kg,平均含量分别为110.94mg/kg、78.49mg/kg、105.35mg/kg、96.87mg/kg、81.51mg/kg、88.11mg/kg,分别为环境背景值的3.0倍、2.1倍、2.8倍、2.6倍、2.2倍、2.4倍;不同行政区铅含量存在较大差异,铅在空间分布上也存在较大差异,其中白云区差异最大,云岩区差异最小。地积累指数及铅污染指数评价表明：贵阳市城市道路灰尘中铅污染总体上处于轻度污染水平,但局部区域处于偏中度至中度污染水平。

The pollution of lead in urban street dust of Guiyang were studied in 2008. The results showed that the range of lead content in the street dust of administrative regions in Guiyang were 81.19 - 174.94 mg/kg, 54. 33 - 177.62 mg/kg, 59.75 - 275.93 mg/kg, 59.45 - 143.41 mg/kg, 61.32 - 106.05 mg/kg and 57.84 - 115.53 mg/kg, keeping the order of Nanming, Wudang, Baiyun, Huaxi, Yunyan and Xiaohe. And the average value was 110.94 mg/kg ,78. 49 mg/kg, 105.35 mg/kg, 96.87 mg/kg, 81.51 mg/kg and 88.11 mg/kg, which were 3.0, 2.1,2.8, 2.6, 2.2 and 2.4 times of the soil background value, respectively. There was a big difference of content of lead and spatial distribution in different districts. Among which Baiyun District showed the greatest difference, while Yunyan District showed the smallest. The evaluation results of geo-accumulation index and lead pollution index showed that the lead pollution in urban street dust of Guiyang was generally at light pollution level, but some areas were at light to middle even at middle pollution level.