药用菌姬松茸在福建的栽培

Cultivation of medicial mushroom Agaricus blazei murrill in Fujian

根据福建省气候条件、姬松茸生物学特性，确定其栽培方法、生产流程和栽培季节。在栽培管理上，强调覆土后重水调湿同时加强通风换气，促进出菇整齐并形成明显的菇潮；提出调控、改良栽培环境条件与安全使用农药相结合的综防措施，有效地控制危害姬松茸主要病虫害；注重适时采收和烘干温度的控制，保证干菇质量。平均生物学效率为４８．６４％，平均单产为１２．１６ｋｇ／ｍ２（鲜菇）。四年来，有计划地在福建省７个县市推广栽培３８０８３３ｍ２，总产量达１６７．７ｔ（干菇），累计产值２５３８．３万元，投产比为１∶２．６８。

The cultural method,technologic process and seasonal arrangements(for spring and autumn cultivation) were definitely developed and arranged,according to the climate in Fujian and the biological characteristics of Agaricus blazei. During cultivating,in order to cause fruiting in good order and lead to obvious flush,it must put emphasis on ventilation while water spraying enough was required after soil covering. To control the main diseases and pests effectively,the integrated control measure were put forward as:adjusting and improving environment codition and applying chemicals rationally and safely.And to eusure the quality of dry mushroom,it must pay attention to pick up and bake timely.The average biological efficiency was 48 64%,and average yield of fresh fruitbodies was 12 16 kg/m 2.This project had been spread on seven counties of Fujian Province in a planned way for four years,the total cultural area was 380833 m 2 and the total yield of dry mushroom was 167 7 t,and the output value added up to 25383000 RMB.According to the economic benefit analysis,the ratio of investment to profit was 1∶2 68.