从创作主体看中国古代白话小说的嬗变

The Gradual Changes of Ancient China’s Colloquial Stories in the Perspective of Author

从创作主体的角度看,中国古代白话小说大体经过了三个阶段,呈现出不同的嬗变特征:宋元时期是说话艺人讲述,文人或书坊主记录整理阶段,宋元话本较多反映市民的生活与情感,按时序讲述一些充满奇异色彩的故事;元末明初至明中叶是文人在艺人讲述的基础上,吸收史书、戏曲的人物与情节进行重写阶段,作家喜爱选取那些创作基础较好的重大题材进行再创作,其思想观念大多来源于前人作品与历史积淀,其中章回小说往往采用"缀玉式结构";明末至清中叶时期,文人作家开始独立创作白话小说,作家从自己的人生经历中取材,写熟悉的人物和发生在身边的事件,笔下人物与现实中人一样真实和复杂。

Ancient China＇s colloquial stories underwent three stages in the perspective of author. In the Song and Yuan dynasties, the story was told by the story - teller and improved by literary men, which was full of the urban life and feelings as well as fantastic middle of the Ming dynasty, literary men rewrote some characters and plots, whose ideas mostly came from the colors. From the end of the Yuan dynasty to the stories on the basis of historical books, drama former works and history. From the end of the Ming dynasty to the middle of the Qing dynasty, literary writers began to write their own stories from their own life experiences, whose events and characters were as real as those in reality.