低碳城市规划建设:成本效益分析

PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTION OF LOW CARBON CITIES:COST AND BENEFITS ANALYSIS

城市是我国二氧化碳排放源头集中区域,城市规划建设是实现控制碳排放的关键政策领域。控制城市化过程中的碳排放,需要采取低碳城市发展模式。在当前我国各地政府都要建设低碳城市之际,对低碳城市规划和建设进行成本效益分析十分必要。城市政策手段必然有其成本,而政策手段带来的效益也需要有科学客观的分析,才能在制定政策及建设项目时提高社会整体资源效率,达到优化社会经济资源的目的。本文提出有必要建立一套低碳城市成本效益理论和方法,评估低碳城市规划建设政策和投资决定。

Cities are the major sources of carbon dioxide emissions in China,and are the critical locations where emissions can be effectively managed.Adopting low carbon urban development model is the pathway towards reducing the emissions.Low carbon cities development model means achieving efficient and effective urban growth through low energy consumption and low emissions.While many local authorities in China have started to express the intention to construct low carbon cities,it is important to emphasize the need to apply Cost and Benefits Analysis（CBA） to low carbon urban policies and development projects.All policies and projects will have implications on costs and benefits for the society as a whole.The effects of the policies on reducing emissions should also be measured and assessed objectively.Only through the setting up of a analysis framework to assess the cost and benefits can one provide a scientific basis for decision making,and enhance the overall efficiency in the use of resources for the society as a whole.