4,5-二硝基咪唑铵盐的合成及其热分解研究

Synthesis of 1-amino-4,5-dinitroimidazole and thermolysis

以咪唑为原料,通过硝硫混酸硝化合成出4,5-二硝基咪唑,再经过氨基化制得4,5-二硝基咪唑铵盐(4,5-ADNI)。红外光谱、核磁共振、元素分析、质谱等分析方法表征了结构,测定了4,5-二硝基咪唑铵盐的密度、爆压和爆速。用DSC研究了4,5-二硝基咪唑铵盐的热分解,熔点为84.5℃,表明其稳定性良好。

4,5-dinitroimidazole was synthesized by the nitrification of imidazole,and 1-amino-4,5-dinitroimidazole was synthesized by amino.The structure of the product was characterized by IR,elemental analysis,1H NMR and MS.Density,detonation pressure and detonation velocity of 1-amino-4,5-dinitroimidazole was measured.The thermolysis performance of 4,5-ADNI was studied by differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）.The result shows that the melt point is 84.5 ℃ and thermolysis invariability is paralleled.