广西钦州湾沉积物重金属污染现状及潜在生态风险评价

Pollution assessment and potential ecological risk evolution for heavy metals in the sediments of Qinzhou Bay

对钦州湾沉积物进行采集,测定了沉积物中的Zn、Pb、Cu、Hg、Cd、As重金属的含量。用单因子指数法和Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法评价了沉积物中重金属综合污染效应。研究结果表明:钦州湾沉积物中Zn、Pb、Cu、As、Cd、Hg的平均含量分别为60.0×10-6、31.3×10-6、19.8×10-6、11.31×10-6、0.083×10-6、0.046×10-6。沉积物质量评价结果表明:各种重金属单因子指数污染程度依次为Cu(1.15)>Pb(1.14)>As(0.93)>Cd(0.92)>Zn(0.90)>Hg(0.51),多种污染物综合效应指数为5.56,为较低的中等程度污染;各种重金属的潜在生态危害参数大小顺序为Cd(27.71)>Hg(20.58)>As(9.32)>Cu(5.75)>Pb(5.69)>Zn(0.90),其潜在生态风险指数RI平均值为69.95,属于低潜在生态危害的范畴。

The sediments from Qinzhou Bay （Guangxi, China） were collected and the concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cu, Hg, Cd and As in the sediments were tested. The integrated pollution effect of heavy metals of these sediments was evaluated by the technique of single factor index and Hakanson potential ecological risk index.The results showed that the average concentration of Zn, Pb, Cu, As, Cd and Hg was 60.0×10^-6、31.3×10^-6、19.8×10^-6、11.31×10^-6、0.083×10^-6、0.046×10^-6, respectively. The sequence of single factor index is Cu （1.15） 〉Pb 〉（1.14） 〉As （0.93） 〉Cd （0.92） 〉Zn （0.90） 〉Hg （0.51）. The average intergraded pollution index was 5.56,which was very slight middle pollution . The potential ecological risk was Cd （27.71）〉 Hg （20.58） 〉As （9.32） 〉Cu （5.75） 〉Pb （5.69）〉 Zn （0.90） and the average potential ecological risk was 69.95,which indicated that Qinzhou Bay had low potential ecological risk.