丹麦农业生产中的肥料使用及其对中国的启示

Fertilizer Application in Agriculture Production in Denmark and the Inspiration to China

现代农业中大量使用的化肥在提高作物产量的同时,也带来了一些负面影响如土壤肥力下降、土壤板结等。文章综述了丹麦先进的肥料使用和管理方面的经验。丹麦政府通过根据作物需要制定N的允许施用量和P、K的推荐施用量、对肥料的施用季节和施肥方式进行规定、根据土壤检测的结果和作物产量调整营养元素施用量等措施较好地避免了化肥污染问题,这些先进的经验为中国解决化肥污染问题提供了借鉴。作者提出中国在农业生产过程中应从限制化肥使用量、提高农民知识水平、提倡增施有机肥、改进施肥方式等方面避免对环境的污染。

Fertilizer is widely used in modern agriculture,which brought some negative impacts while increasing crop yields.To solve these problems,the amount of N,P,K were formulated in Denmark.Fertilizer must be applied in proper seasons and methods to promote the absorption of nutrients.Therefore,the quantity of nutrients could be corrected according to the result of soil test and crop yields.This is a good example to China to do with fertilizer problem.What should be done is to limit the amount of fertilizer,enhance the knowledge of farmers,encourage organic fertilizer and improve applying methods.