玉米秸秆覆盖量对农田土壤动物群落结构的影响

Effects of Maize Stubble Mulch Amount on Soil Animal Community Structure

2008年7月和9月,通过对中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所德惠农业试验示范基地5种不同秸秆覆盖量处理农田土壤动物调查,研究了玉米秸秆覆盖量差异对农田土壤动物群落结构的影响。大型土壤动物采用手拣法,中小型土壤动物采用改良干漏斗分离法(Modified Tullgren),在显微镜下分析鉴定,研究区共捕获土壤动物44科5336只,优势类群为棘跳科(Onychiuridae)、球角跳科(Hypogastruridae)和摇蚊科(Chironomidae)幼虫,占总捕获个体数量的59.51%。结果表明:随着玉米秸秆覆盖量的增加,农田土壤动物类群多样性与丰富度相应增加,类群分布更均匀。玉米秸秆覆盖量的不同对农田土壤动物群落结构有着显著的影响,秸秆覆盖量的多少直接影响的农田土壤动物群落的多样性。

Soil animal in Dehui agricultural experiment and demonstration bases of Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology were investigated with 5 different straw mulch amount treatment in July and September,2008.Soil animal were hand-sorted and identified to maize stubble mulch amount.We choose the hand-sorting method to capture the large soil animal,and the Modified Tullgren to capture small soil animal.We have analyzed and identified under a microscope,soil animal.A total of 5336 soil animal individuals was captured and fell into 44 families.Onychiuridae,Hypogastruridae,Chironomidae larvae were the dominant groups that account for 59.51% of the total captured.The result showed that：the amount of maize straw mulch increased soil animal abundance and diversity.Different amount of maize straw mulch on soil animal community structure had a significant impact.The amount of maize straw mulch a direct impact on amount of soil animal diversity.