北京市1998～2007年0～6岁儿童贫血状况分析

An investigation of prevalence of anemia among children aged 0 - 6 years in Beijing in a period from 1998 to 2007

目的 了解北京市0～6岁儿童贫血状况及其变化趋势.方法 采用动态序列方法 对1998～2007年北京市儿童保健年报资料进行分析.结果 1998～2007年北京市0～2岁儿童贫血患病率波动范围为4.12%～5.25%,从1998年的5.25%下降到2007年的4.54%（χ2=79.620,P=0.001）,下降幅度为13.52%;同期3～6岁儿童贫血患病率波动范围为0.85%～1.91%,其差异有统计学意义（χ2=1 690.608,P=0.001）,与1998年比较,城区、近郊区和远郊县贫血患病率减少幅度均超过50.00%.儿童贫血患病率0～2岁组与3～6岁组下降幅度不同,远郊县0～2岁组降幅波动较大.结论 防治儿童贫血的重点人群应为远郊县的0～2岁儿童,首先对贫血原因进行调查研究,对哺乳期间母子血红蛋白实施监测,及时改善母婴的铁营养状况,以预防婴幼儿贫血.

Objective To investigate prevalence and its trend of anemia among children aged 0 - 6 years in Beijing. Methods In dynamic time series analysis method, the annual data in Beijing city in a period from 1998 to 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Results The prevalence of anemia among children aged 0 - 6 years in Beijing oscillated between 4. 12% （ in 2007 ） and 5.25% （ in 1998 ） with a 13.52% of decline since 1998 to 2007 （x^2 = 79. 620, P = 0. 001 ）, while the prevalence of anemia among those children aged 3 - 6 years at the same time ranged 0. 85% - 1.91%, there was a significant difference （x^2 = 1 690. 608,P = 0. 001 ）. Compared with 1998, the prevalence of anemia in the downtown, the suburbs and suburb counties dropped more than 50%. The decline range in prevalence of anemia among 0 - 2 year-old children subgroup was different from that among 3 - 6 year-old children subgroup, of which, the decline range among 0 -2 year-old children subgroup in suburb counties was greater. Conclusion The target population of anemia in children is those 2 year-old children in the suburb counties. So some measures from investigation of cause of anemia developed should be taken, maternal and children＇s Hb levels in lactation should be monitored and iron nutritional status of the mother and the children should be improved timely in order to prevent occurrence of anemia of infants and young children.