真菌病害拮抗菌的筛选及其对多种植物病原真菌的拮抗活性测定

Screening of antagonistic bacteria against fungal diseases and determination of their antagonistic activity to various plant pathogenic fungi

针对广西境内常见多发的12种植物真菌病害,对柑橘、香蕉、甘蔗、辣椒、药用植物等作物根际土壤进行拮抗菌筛选试验。结果从不同作物根际土壤中共分离得到386株菌株,其中有拮抗作用的34株,平皿拮抗效果较好的16株;再经复筛,得到一株对柑橘炭疽菌有较好抑制效果的拮抗菌Bs55;对峙培养试验表明,Bs55菌株对12种常见病原真菌具有较强的抗菌活性,抑菌率最高达87.7%。拮抗菌Bs55具有拮抗作用强、能大量繁殖、抑菌谱广等特点,是具有较好利用前景的生物防治材料。

In order to find out the antagonistic bacterial agents against 12 kinds of crop fungal diseases occurring commonly in Guangxi,screening experiments were carried out using bacteria from rhizospheric soil of citrus,banana,sug-arcane,pepper and some medicinal plants.The studies resulted in isolation of 386 strains from rhizospheric soil of different crops.Among these,34 strains showed antagonistic activity and 16 strains showed good antagonistic effects on plate.After secondary screening,antagonistic bacterial Bs55 was screened out with strong inhibitory effect on citrus anthracnose.Con-front culture tests showed that Bs55 strain had strong antifungal activity to 12 kinds of common pathogenic fungis,the high-est inhibiting rate reached 87.7%.It has the characteristics of strong antagonism and large scale propagation,and was ap-proved to be a promising biocontrol agent with a broad-spectrum biocontrol potential.